Residential building security system.
One of the most favorite and widespread places for criminals is the entrance to an apartment building. New buildings from the late 80s, which are usually numerous in residential areas, have entrances of the «killer's dream» type: staircases are separated from the elevator halls with an exit through common loggias. The place is remote, deserted, from it you can clearly see the area in front of the elevator, you can hear the doors of apartments opening and the footsteps of residents along the corridor. No less attractive to criminals are houses built at the beginning of the last century. Spacious vestibules, columns, all sorts of niches and thick walls with excellent sound insulation. Well-yards are convenient for attacks: a gallery of arches that are not visible from the windows of houses, and generally practically not visible, especially in the absence of lighting. «Khrushchev-era» buildings are less suitable for robberies. Cramped conditions and a simple, almost ascetic layout — from the entrance there is a staircase and apartments; no ledge, no nook where you can hide and wait for a victim. But in such houses, as a rule, the only access restrictors are combination locks with pressed-in buttons. Welcome, drug addicts and homeless people.
There are several options for solving the issue of home security using technical means: from trivial to intricate integrated systems. The choice of solution depends on the protected object and the desires of the consumers.
The most economical option is a video camera aimed at the entrance to the building in combination with a recording device. The video recorder can be installed in the concierge's office. If there is no concierge, it can be placed in one of the apartments. The very fact of having video surveillance reduces the number of offenses. Therefore, even installing a dummy camera will have a positive effect on security.
A more popular case is when two video cameras are mounted inside the entrance and two facing the adjacent territory outside. Sometimes cameras are installed on each floor to monitor the hall and stairs. Such a system usually includes sixteen16 or more cameras. In combination with video cameras installed in the elevator, the system allows you to track the movement of potential offenders from the entrance to the apartment. Video cameras on the outside of the house will not be superfluous: one — at the level of the second floor, tracking the penetration of intruders into the landing through the canopy of the entrance, the second — an overview, aimed at the windows of the lower floors, the third — near the roof of the house, allowing you to detect criminals with mountaineering equipment. A camera aimed at the parking lot is very useful. Car owners will feel calmer when they know that their cars are under guard. You will also need a video recorder with the number of channels equal to the number of cameras; The video archive volume is usually two to three weeks. A concierge in each entrance is not required; one dispatcher for several entrances, the entire building, or several buildings is sufficient. Depending on the type of station equipment and its software, viewing of images can be implemented in various ways. One option is by transmitting video signals to apartments via a dedicated television channel or to computer monitors via the Internet. Many security video systems have the ability to programmatically monitor movement in the field of view of video cameras, which significantly simplifies the work of the dispatcher, whose attention may be distracted.
The efficiency of the entire system largely depends on how correctly the video cameras are selected and placed. Given the mentality of the population, the cameras should be in vandal-proof cases and installed in hard-to-reach places. It is better if the cameras are in each other's viewing areas, so they will be protected. Depending on the lighting conditions in which the cameras will be used, they can be equipped with infrared illumination. Too much illumination power can be harmful in some cases, since it affects the lens illumination. Power is needed when monitoring distant objects. One of the important parameters is the viewing angle. If it is small, a narrow sector will be visible. It is applicable when monitoring single objects. A large angle allows you to see a wide sector, but in this case the image is somewhat distorted and the quality deteriorates.
The security system for a fully equipped residential complex will be as follows.
In the adjacent territory there are overview video cameras with increased resolution and with the signal output to the control panel; barriers that open automatically when cars belonging to the residents of the complex approach them; gates and turnstiles that let through only people with electronic passes. The entrances are equipped with intercoms and video cameras from the outside and inside. In the elevator cabins there are hidden video cameras with the signal output to the control panel. In the machine rooms of the elevators there are metal doors and window bars. In the attics and basements there are metal doors with electromagnetic locks and window bars, security and fire alarm sensors. At the concierge post there is an «alarm» button to call the police (security service), hardware and software for controlling access to utility and non-residential premises and opening the doors of the entrances for emergency services, means of communication with the entrances and sensor control devices.
If desired, you can monitor any corner of the yard: a playground, a car park, approaches to houses. The lenses of video cameras are selected depending on the goal, they can provide a detailed image (when it is necessary to distinguish car numbers or people's faces) or a panoramic one. The automated access control system is unobtrusive for residents and guests, the reliability of its operation is little affected by the human factor. Particular attention is paid to fire alarms and fire notification, which is especially important for high-rise buildings, evacuation from which is complicated. The presence of a security alarm has a beneficial effect, first of all, on the peace of mind of residents. The house becomes a fortress, and, being in it, people feel confident in themselves and their property. In addition to apartments and utility rooms, if necessary, the entire perimeter or its individual sections can be protected by a security alarm. Then not only the house, but also the adjacent territory becomes a fortress. In order for the security system to remain operational when the power supply to the complex is cut off, it must be provided with a backup power supply.
The more complex the system, the more expensive it is both in terms of installation and maintenance. At the customer's request, more complex and multifunctional solutions can be implemented. For example, a fingerprint scanner can be used for particularly important access zones, which significantly increases the reliability of the system. The elite status implies the mandatory presence of a security system in the residential complex. Among other things, it increases the prestige and commercial attractiveness of the facility. Fencing the territory of a residential complex not only creates its microcosm, but also protection, allows you to get a city within a city — well-maintained and safe.