Dmitry Terenya, during the development of the regulatory document MGSN 4.19505 «Multifunctional high-rise buildings and complexes» was the curator of the section «Automated complexes, communications and informatization».
However, the situation looks quite strange: according to the Federal Law «On Technical Regulation», the status of a mandatory regulatory document belongs only to technical regulations.
Therefore, the conversation between our correspondent Sergei Nesterov and Dmitry Terenya began with a completely legitimate and quite logical question.
AZ: So, as such, regulations for automation and dispatching do not exist today. But how then to build?
Dmitry Terenya: And you can't build. And you can't stop building. That's why they tried to agree on this document as some special Moscow norms.
AZ: And did it really work?
Dmitry Terenya: With difficulty, but… it worked out.
AZ: So, the capital's standards have been approved. And who will benefit from this, be more profitable, more comfortable?
Dmitry Terenya: We wanted to create standards, taking into account which developers could build more calmly, more confidently, so to speak.
Agree, it is much better if you know what exactly can be required of you when coordinating construction documentation.
And the investor, knowing about these standards, will be able to understand whether it is worth getting involved in this business or not, whether it is profitable for him or not.
You must agree that a regulatory document is still a weighty guarantee for both parties. And the residents will be more comfortable, since when working on the standards, we also took comfort into account.
And if we talk about systems that allow providing comfort and safety in the building under construction above the minimum permissible standards, then the customer can provide for their creation by stipulating them in the construction assignment.
AZ: I assume that the MGSN standards describe the systems responsible for safety in more detail than those responsible for comfort?
Dmitry Terenya: Safety systems in multifunctional high-rise buildings and complexes are, of course, regulated more strictly and in more detail.
However, the minimum set of systems that ensure the creation of comfortable conditions in the building is also established.
AZ: To what extent are the MGSN standards self-sufficient?
Dmitry Terenya:Only when several high-rise buildings are built taking into account our standards will it be possible to assess whether they are sufficient, excessive, or fall short in some way.
The experience of building and operating modern high-rise buildings is still too small for final and categorical assessments.
By the way, an important component of low-current systems is to reduce the risk or ensure an acceptable risk of emergency situations occurring in the building.
And there are two types of such risks: risk to human life and economic risk to the owner of the building (destruction/losses).
If we take a high-rise building, then the degree of risk of destruction, injury to people, and much more depends largely on its design.
But they can be prevented or minimized with engineering systems. And this is absolutely real.
When designing high-rise buildings, it is necessary to determine the level of risk and, by improving the building structure or saturating it with engineering systems, bring the risk level to an acceptable level.
However, methods for calculating the risk level are still in the development stage and are not yet included in the current regulations.
AZ: How is the degree of risk measured — in rubles, conventional units, human lives?
Dmitry Terenya: Risk is measured by a coefficient.
Today, the methodology for calculating this coefficient in the field of construction is being developed at MGSU, but unfortunately, there is practically no targeted work on engineering equipment and automation.
But there is still an understanding of what needs to be done. I think this issue will definitely be addressed soon, and, by the way, insurance companies will not be the last ones here.
AZ: Does complex automation allow insurers to provide clients with a discount?
Dmitry Terenya:Integrated automation allows to reduce the risk level, and the calculation results will show insurers — and not only them — whether the building meets the standards of acceptable risk.
Based on this, the insurance company can provide clients with more favorable insurance conditions.
But this idea, alas, has not yet been worked out.
And for the investor, by the way, it is very profitable to equip the building with additional comfort systems.
And the logic of this benefit is absolutely clear — additional comfort increases the cost of square meters.
And if a classification or categories of houses were developed, then additional assessment guidelines would appear for insurers, developers, and those who buy housing.
AZ: It is known that many Russian construction companies have their own regulations for engineering systems and equipment.
What do you think about this?
Dmitry Terenya: If the construction companies' own standards do not pose additional risks, then there is nothing wrong with this.
By the way, government regulation does not put too much pressure on construction abroad; each company adheres to its own standards.
When constructing buildings all over the world, large construction companies adapt to the regulations of different countries and supplement them with their own standards.
I think it will be the same in Russia.
AZ: What do you think about «intelligent buildings»?
The topic is not only fashionable, but also, in my opinion, very relevant.
Dmitry Terenya: Tell me, is a child who reads a book at the age of two an intellectual?
And an academic who is afraid to touch a computer is an intellectual? intellectual?
If a building has telephone, television, automated dispatching and control systems for engineering equipment, video surveillance, energy consumption accounting systems — this already indicates that it is intelligent. But in high-rise buildings, the level of «intellectualization» should be significantly higher.
And, I believe, it is high-rise buildings that will become examples of real «smart houses».