Electrical wiring installation.
Electrical wiring installation.
Electrical wiring installation in the house– is an extremely important matter that requires responsibility and certain knowledge. However, despite all this, the process is not at all complicated. Sad statistics from security services inform that 75% of fires occur due to faulty electrical wiring, in addition, malfunctions can lead to electric shock. Thus, new electrical wiringbecomes equivalent to preserving human life, health and preserving his property. Initially, it is worth warning that, of course, it would be best to entrust the installation of electrical wiring in the house to a qualified specialist. However, it would not be bad to know the action plan for replacing the wiring yourself.
With a certain dexterity and skills in performing electrical installation work — replacing electrical wiring with your own hands is quite feasible. The undoubted advantage is that you will not depend on workers, electricians and will be able to save significantly, in addition, the acquired experience will allow you to understand and orient yourself in time if another «professional» does such work in bad faith. Remember, replacing electrical wiring in the housemust be carried out with mandatory observance of safety precautions: the presence of electricity in the wires and current-carrying buses during installation poses a danger to life! Preliminary planning and drawing up a wiring diagram and connection of electrical appliances significantly simplifies the implementation of electrical installation work.
After the diagram is drawn up and the general work plan is outlined, it is necessary to calculate the network load. This is done as follows: 100 W is added to the sum of the power of all electrical appliances in the apartment for each appliance. The resulting number is divided by 220 — the value of the network voltage, it should be approximately 15 A. If the figure is higher, it is better if replacement of old electrical wiring is carried out with the installation of separate lines to different sources of consumption. Each of these lines should end with its own circuit breaker on the panel.
After making the calculations, you need to take care of the availability of the necessary materials and tools. The amount of equipment depends on the planned points of electricity analysis, end lines and the characteristics of your home. Replacing the cable in technological, outdoor, as well as in rooms with high moisture content will entail the need to purchase mounting pipes and cable channels for subsequent installation. In addition, to make new wiring, You will need: wire stripping pliers; side nippers, combination pliers; indicator and screwdrivers; utility knife, flashlight; insulating tape; electric drill with a set of drills (for drilling holes) and cutters (for sockets); plaster, mixing container, paint spatula; chalk line, spirit level. Replacing the electrical wiring in the house will require a temporary power outage. Then you can start working. Replacing the electrical wiring yourselfstarts with the distribution box of the room farthest from the switchboard. In it, it is necessary to disconnect and isolate the central supply cable.
Installation of electrical wiring in the house
You can remove the wiring in any order, carefully removing the plaster with tools, — You are thereby preparing a place for laying the new cable. Installation of electrical wiring in the houseshould be made with one section from the distribution box to the switch or socket, securing it to the walls with special fasteners or pieces of mixed plaster. In panel, concrete houses, cables are laid in technological grooves, so do not rush to pull them out, since then you will have to put new wires in them. Old cores can be used as a pull-through. To do this, attach a new piece of wire to them and carefully pull it through the groove in the desired direction. After the cables are laid, it is necessary to make a high-quality connection in the distribution boxes. All connections are made by twisting or on contact pads, and then insulated. Pay attention to the color of the wire insulation. Connect wires with the same colored protective sheath in order to visually determine the connection to the phase wire. Remember — the «phase» is supplied to the central wire of the lamp, and the neutral wire is broken by the switch.
The new electrical wiring installed and laid in the grooves is fixed with pre-prepared plaster. Then, when the putty dries, proceed to installing sockets and switches. In the same sequence, carry out work in each room, except for utility rooms. In the latter, the general scheme remains the same, but it is recommended to lay the cable in a metal sleeve. To reduce the load on the network, it is recommended to lay several parallel lines and connect them to different fuses on the panel. Replacing the old electrical wiring is completed by connecting the circuit breakers to the panel.