Body armor. Protection classes. GOST, DIN, NIJ, CEN.

Source: NPO Special Materials

GOST, DIN, NIJ, CEN

Ballistic requirements for body armor for the armed forces and police are mainly established by state standards (for example, the standard of the German Police Department, the National Institute of Justice, etc.). In Russia, they were developed with the participation of a number of organizations, including the All-Russian Research Institute of Standardization of the State Standard of Russia. The action of a bullet is usually designated by a protection class, which is established based on the caliber, type and weight of the bullet, as well as its speed.

Below are the characteristics of the classes of protective structures of body armor according to the standards:

Russia
Germany (DIN)
USA (NIJ)
European standard (CEN)

and also an approximate comparison of these classes.

GOST protection classes (Russia)

Class	Weapon	Cartridge	Core type	Weight (g)	Speed (m/s)*
Special	Melee	—	—	Impact energy 45-50 J
1	Pistol Makarova PM	9 mm pistol cartridge 57-N-181S	Steel	5.9	305-325
1	Revolver type «Nagant»	7.62 mm revolver cartridge 57-N-122	Lead	6.8	275-295
2	Special small-caliber pistol PSM	5.45 mm pistol cartridge MPC 7N7	Steel	2.5	310-335
2	Tokarev TT pistol	7.62 mm pistol cartridge 57-N-134S cartridge	Steel	6.8	415-445
2a	Hunting rifle (12 gauge)	18.5 mm hunting cartridge	Lead	35.0	390-410
3	AK-74 assault rifle	5.45 mm cartridge with ordinary. bullet 7N6	Steel	3.5	890-910
3	AKM assault rifle	7.62 mm sample cartridge 1943 57-N-231	Steel	7.9	710-740
4	AK-74 assault rifle	5.45 mm cartridge with common. 7N10 bullet	Steel heat-strengthened	3.4	890-910
5	SVD sniper rifle	7.62 mm rifle cartridge 57-N-323S	Steel	9.6	820-840
5	AKM assault rifle	7.62 mm cartridge 57-N-231	Steel heat-strengthened	7.9	710-740
5a	AKM assault rifle	7.62 mm cartridge 57-BZ-231	Special	7.4	720-750
6	SVD sniper rifle	7.62 mm rifle cartridge ST-2M	Heat-strengthened steel	9.6	820-840
6a	SVD sniper rifle	7.62 mm rifle cartridge	Special	10.4	800-835

Bulletproof vests. Protection classes. GOST, DIN, NIJ, CEN..

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