Body armor. Protection classes. GOST, DIN, NIJ, CEN.
Source: NPO Special Materials
GOST, DIN, NIJ, CEN
Ballistic requirements for body armor for the armed forces and police are mainly established by state standards (for example, the standard of the German Police Department, the National Institute of Justice, etc.). In Russia, they were developed with the participation of a number of organizations, including the All-Russian Research Institute of Standardization of the State Standard of Russia. The action of a bullet is usually designated by a protection class, which is established based on the caliber, type and weight of the bullet, as well as its speed.
Below are the characteristics of the classes of protective structures of body armor according to the standards:
Russia
Germany (DIN)
USA (NIJ)
European standard (CEN)
and also an approximate comparison of these classes.
GOST protection classes (Russia)
Class
Weapon
Cartridge
Core type
Weight (g)
Speed (m/s)*
Special
Melee
—
—
Impact energy 45-50 J
1
Pistol Makarova PM
9 mm pistol cartridge 57-N-181S
Steel
5.9
305-325
Revolver type «Nagant»
7.62 mm revolver cartridge 57-N-122
Lead
6.8
275-295
2
Special small-caliber pistol PSM
5.45 mm pistol cartridge MPC 7N7
Steel
2.5
310-335
Tokarev TT pistol
7.62 mm pistol cartridge 57-N-134S cartridge
Steel
6.8
415-445
2a
Hunting rifle (12 gauge)
18.5 mm hunting cartridge
Lead
35.0
390-410
3
AK-74 assault rifle
5.45 mm cartridge with ordinary. bullet 7N6
Steel
3.5
890-910
AKM assault rifle
7.62 mm sample cartridge 1943 57-N-231
Steel
7.9
710-740
4
AK-74 assault rifle
5.45 mm cartridge with common. 7N10 bullet
Steel heat-strengthened
3.4
890-910
5
SVD sniper rifle
7.62 mm rifle cartridge 57-N-323S
Steel
9.6
820-840
AKM assault rifle
7.62 mm cartridge 57-N-231
Steel heat-strengthened
7.9
710-740
5a
AKM assault rifle
7.62 mm cartridge 57-BZ-231
Special
7.4
720-750
6
SVD sniper rifle
7.62 mm rifle cartridge ST-2M
Heat-strengthened steel
9.6
820-840
6a
SVD sniper rifle
7.62 mm rifle cartridge
Special
10.4
800-835
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