Basic electrical protective equipment and their operation.
Basic electrical protective equipment and their operation
Basic electrical protective equipment
Insulating electrical protective equipment is a means of protection against electric shock, used to ensure electrical safety. The classification of personal protective equipment includes this type of equipment. They are divided into basic and additional. Basic electrical protective equipment has insulation that can withstand the operating voltage of an electrical installation for a long time, they allow you to touch live parts that are under voltage. Currently, there are the following basic electrical protective equipment: above 1000 V
— insulating rods of all types; — insulating pliers; — voltage indicators; — devices and accessories to ensure safety of work during measurements and tests in electrical installations (voltage indicators for checking phase coincidence, electrical measuring pliers, devices for piercing cables, etc.); — special protective equipment, devices and insulating accessories for work under voltage in electrical installations with a voltage of 110 kV and higher (except for rods for transferring and equalizing potential).
Basic electrical protective equipment, which are used at voltages below 1000 V
-insulating rods of all types; -insulating pliers; -voltage indicators; -electric measuring clamps; -dielectric gloves; -hand insulating tool. They are effective when working in cases where a short circuit in the electrical wiring may occur.
Additional electrical protective equipment
Additional electrical protective equipment— these are insulating means that cannot withstand the operating voltage of the electrical installation by themselves, but complement the main ones. When using the main insulating electrical protective means, it is sufficient to use one additional one, except in specially specified cases. If it is necessary to protect the worker from step voltage, dielectric boots or galoshes can be used without the main protective means. Such means include: additional electrical protective means used at voltages above 1000 V
-insulating rods of all types; -insulating pliers; -voltage indicators; -electric measuring clamps; -dielectric gloves, boots, mats; -hand insulating tools; -portable grounding; -fencing devices; -safety posters and signs. The rules for laying cables imply the use of such protective equipment.
Additional electrical protective equipmentused at voltages below 1000 V
— dielectric galoshes; — dielectric carpets and insulating stands; — insulating caps, coverings and pads; — stepladders, insulating fiberglass ladders; — portable grounding; — fencing devices; — posters and safety signs.
Rules for the operation of electrical protective equipment
When using both primary and additional equipment, the rules for the operation of electrical protective equipment must be followed. The requirements of these Rules must be met when designing and servicing electrical installations. When performing work in electrical installations, it is also necessary to be guided by state industry acts on labor protection, labor safety standards, norms and instructions of manufacturers of protective equipment.
Rules for the operation of electrical protective equipmentrequire that all personnel working on electrical installations be provided with these means, as well as training of personnel in the rules for their safe use. Protective equipment must be kept as inventory in the premises of electrical installations or included in the inventory of mobile teams. Rules for the use of electrical protective equipmentprohibit the use of products that do not have the manufacturer's marking, name or type of product, year of manufacture, and stamp on passed testing. Inventory protective equipment is distributed between facilities (electrical installations) and between mobile teams in accordance with the operating organization system, local conditions, and staffing standards. If the protective equipment is found to be unsuitable, it is subject to confiscation. Employees who have received protective equipment for individual use are responsible for its correct use and timely monitoring of its condition. Insulating electrical protective equipment should be used only for its intended purpose in electrical installations with a voltage no higher than that for which they are designed, in accordance with operating manuals, instructions, passports, etc. for specific protective equipment. Insulating electrical protective equipment is designed for use in closed electrical installations, and in open electrical installations — only in dry weather. They are not allowed to be used in drizzle and precipitation. In the open air in damp weather, only protective equipment of a special design intended for work in such conditions may be used. Such protective equipment is manufactured, tested and used in accordance with technical specifications and instructions. Before each use of the protective equipment, personnel must check its serviceability, the absence of external damage and contamination, and also check the expiration date according to the stamp. The rules for the operation of electrical protective equipment exclude the possibility of using equipment with an expired expiration date. When using electrical protective equipment, it is not allowed to touch their working part, as well as the insulating part behind the limiting ring or stop.