Aspiration detector. Modern solution for early fire detection.
The main task of the fire alarm system is to detect a fire at the earliest stage.
A fire has several factors: the appearance of smoke and gas as a result of the smoldering or combustion process, the appearance of an open flame and the release of heat.
Traditionally, fire detectors react to one of the factors, which can lead to late detection of a fire and, as a result, large material losses and human casualties.
The solution to the problem of fire prevention is to install detectors of the earliest possible fire detection, adapted to the conditions of a specific facility.
Such detectors are aspiration detectors that react to several factors and are active fire detection devices.
This is practically the only type of detectors that provides a high level of protection in difficult conditions of placement and operation and brings fire-fighting systems to a higher quality level.
The aspiration detector IPA has been manufactured at the enterprise ZAO PO Spetsavtomatika (Byisk) since 2005.
Long-term and reliable operation as part of fire extinguishing systems, operation in a variety of conditions has allowed us to accumulate considerable experience and make a big step in the development and improvement of the design of the aspiration detector.
The development is based on our own engineering solutions, protected by a patent of the Russian Federation.
The operating principle of the aspiration detector is based on active air sampling through a system of pipes with holes located in the corresponding zone.
Air samples are transferred to the electronic unit of the detector, where they are accurately analyzed.
Higher reliability of fire detection is achieved due to multifactoriality (use of several factors), multicriteriality (use of several simultaneously taken into account criteria for the occurrence of a fire), correlation (use of algorithms that take into account the mutual relationship of factors) and cumulativeness (use of data accumulation and comparison with a priori data) of the detection of a dangerous process.
In addition to the appearance of smoke, the detector simultaneously detects a change in the concentration of gases of the CxHy group, CO and a change in temperature in the protected object.
The aspiration detector has a self-learning function, its algorithm of adaptation to external conditions allows it to successfully cope with the task of detecting a fire both in clean rooms and in dusty areas.
The built-in filtration system protects the measuring chamber of the detector from foreign particles entering it and thus significantly reduces the likelihood of false alarms.
The detector automatically monitors the air flow rate and records its change when the intake openings become dirty.
The detector is capable of not only monitoring the presence of a fire source, but also controlling automatic fire extinguishing equipment.
This operating algorithm ensures the earliest possible detection of a critical situation.
Until 2009, aspiration detectors were installed only on the recommendation of VNIIPO, which were developed for each specific type.
In May 2009, aspiration detectors were officially recognized at the level of state legal regulation. Technical requirements and certification tests of aspiration detectors were established in GOST R 53325?2009 «Fire-fighting equipment. Technical means of fire automation. General technical requirements. Test methods», and the Code of Practice SP5.13130.2009 «Fire protection systems.
Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing systems. Norms and design rules» defined the requirements for installation.
The appearance of aspiration detectors as a class in our regulatory framework contributes to their increasingly widespread use at various facilities.
Aspirating fire detectors allow you to protect objects where it is impossible to directly install a fire detector (cable channels, ceiling space, elevator shafts, large rooms with high ceilings), and the use of detectors of any other type is impossible (areas with high or low temperatures, dusty areas, rooms with complex ceilings, areas with air flows from ventilation systems or air conditioners).
The use of aspirating fire detectors can ensure the highest level of protection for objects with a large concentration of people — shopping and entertainment centers, museums, cinemas, exhibition pavilions, where emergency evacuation is required in the event of a fire.
Aspirating fire detectors are unique equipment that can detect a fire at an extremely early stage of a dangerous situation. Their use will help to eliminate a fire at the very beginning without significant material losses and ensure reliable protection of the most complex objects.