Access control systems-2000.

Access control systems-2000.

This review includes some companies that, in the author's opinion, have been most active in recent years in the Russian market of access control and management tools and systems.

In 2000, GOST R 51241-98 «Access control and management tools and systems. Classification. General technical requirements. Test methods» came into force.

This standard applies to access control and management tools and systems (ACS) designed to monitor and manage the movement of people, vehicles and other objects in premises, buildings, structures, on the territory.

The standard establishes the classification, terminology, general technical requirements and regulates the testing methods of such means and systems.

The standard was adopted by the Resolution of the State Standard of Russia dated December 29, 1998 No. 472, with the date of introduction on January 1, 2000.

Over the past year, most specialists have been able to become familiar with this standard, which has contributed to the development of mutual understanding between developers, manufacturers and customers.

The decision to begin developing the standard was made in 1996.

Over the past years, specialists from the Research Center «Security» of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Research Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, State Unitary Enterprise SNPO «Eleron», military unit 31600, the State Technical Commission of Russia and the All-Russian Research Institute of Machine Building of the State Standard of Russia participated in the preparation of the text.

Specialists from the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, Sberbank of the Russian Federation and a number of Russian companies were involved in the development of the standard — leaders in the ACS market, such as, «Ista», «Integrator», «Sigma», «Terna», «Formula Bezopasnosti», «Algont», PERCo, «EVS» and others.

The past years have confirmed the forecasts for the progressive development of the ACS market.

Interest in these systems is due to the fact that access control is a fundamental concept of the security process.

Any security system designed to protect an object from threats associated with human actions, man-made or natural forces must identify a person based on the «friend or foe» principle or by access level to protect both the object from unauthorized entry and a person from hazardous factors, if any, at the object.

Classification of ACS

The standard provides a classification of tools and systems by several parameters. The main ones are the classification of ACS by functional purpose and by control method.

ACS by functional purpose of devices are divided into:

• controlled blocking devices (CBD) as part of blocking structures and actuators;

• identification feature input devices (IFID) as part of readers and identifiers;

• control devices (CD) as part of hardware and software.

By the control method, ACS can be:

• autonomous — for controlling one or several IFIDs, without transmitting information to the central control panel and without control by the operator;

• centralized (network) — for control of the control panel, including information exchange with the central control panel, as well as control and management of the system by the operator;

• universal — including the functions of both autonomous and network systems, operating in network mode under the control of the central control device and switching to autonomous mode in the event of failures in the network equipment, the central device or in the event of a communication failure.

Trends in the Russian ACS market

The classification given in the standard generally reflects the situation on the ACS market.

However, the following trends in the Russian market for this equipment can be noted.

Since the universal capabilities of the ACS attract developers and users, most new systems are integrated systems.

At the same time, access control elements implemented at a modern level are included in security and fire alarm systems.

The greatest interest from customers is shown in integrated (complex) systems, since significant economic benefits can be achieved in the design, installation and operation of such systems.

At the same time, in the classical sense, access control systems for ensuring the access control regime of enterprises, institutions, offices, and accounting of working hours have not yet been sufficiently mastered in the Russian market and, in the author's opinion, this process has tendencies to develop.

Domestic manufacturers of ACS

The rise in prices for imported equipment has determined the interest of potential consumers in domestic products.

This, in turn, has led to the appearance on the market of domestic ACS, which, in terms of their characteristics and capabilities, are not inferior to the best imported models.

Moreover, system developers are trying to use all the potential capabilities of ACS and are essentially moving towards integrated security systems (ISS) in their developments.

This trend is confirmed, in particular, by the fact that the «Integrated Security Systems» section was introduced into the «List of Technical Equipment Permitted for Use» of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

This section includes two systems: «Rubezh-07-3» (Sigma — IS, Moscow) and «Dozor» (ISTA, St. Petersburg).

These systems have been certified, have undergone operational testing at facilities, and have been examined by the Research Center «Okhrana» of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

The description and characteristics of these systems are familiar to readers of the magazine from previous publications. Effective ACS can be built on their basis.

Here we can only note the features of the application of ISB «Rubezh07-3» and «Dozor» as access control systems. ISB «Rubezh-07-3» and «Dozor» are universal systems according to the GOST classification, on the basis of which both autonomous and network systems can be built.

The Rubezh-07-3 system includes the SK-01 access controller, which can be used to build an autonomous ACS, since it is completely self-sufficient for this application.

At the same time, the SK-01 as part of the system can be connected via the RS-485 interface to the central ACS controller, which can provide control of 64 access points.

Access controller SK-01 Rubezh-07-3

SK-01 is an access control and management device, as well as a device for remote arming and disarming and is designed to:

• entering the code from the reading devices and transmitting it to the VDC «Rubezh-07-3»;

• two-way data exchange with the VDC «Rubezh-07-3»;

• ensuring control of actuators in network and autonomous modes.

SK-01 is designed for joint operation with Motorola, HID, PERCo readers and others with the Wiegaiid 26 exchange protocol. Up to two readers can be connected to one SK-01.

Electromechanical and electromagnetic locks and latches can be used as actuators. Up to two actuators can be connected to one SK-01.

SK-01 has two inputs from manual control buttons for actuators, as well as two inputs for the door status sensor.

Access control system Dozor

The hardware basis of the ACS «Dozor» is an intelligent terminal device of a new type, combining the functions of an ACS controller, a reader, as well as a programming and control keyboard for the system.

The use of terminals allows creating access control systems of varying complexity, with various sets of functional capabilities, meeting the needs of the most demanding customers and the requirements of regulatory documents in force in our country.

The terminals include a film keyboard and an LCD display with two lines of 16 characters each.

Various modifications of terminals differ in the type of built-in Wiegand card readers, magnetic, remote, combined magnetic and remote, etc.

Table 1 . PERCo Access Control Systems

Table 2. Turnstiles, gates PERCo

Table 3. PERCo Proximity Readers

PERCo Equipment

Among domestic companies, PERCo can be noted, which specializes in the development, manufacture and supply of access control equipment.

The range of PERCo equipment includes all necessary components of the ACS:

• barrier devices for equipping checkpoints — electromechanical turnstiles of various designs (tripods, wickets, rotary turnstiles of various heights);

• additional devices for equipping the passage area — fencing with rotating sections — «anti-panic»;

• actuators — electric locks of motor and electromechanical type;

• network and autonomous ACS with the most modern identification devices, Proximity plastic cards and readers of our own production.

Among other domestic companies producing ACS, we can note EVS, SSHS, Kontur Bezopasnosti, Accord SB, OPF PIK, Nanko, Parsec, and Seven Seals TSS.

These companies produce modern network and autonomous systems, as well as readers and identifiers, including Proximity technologies. Moreover, Proximity readers are almost half the price of imported ones.

There are also high-quality electromagnetic and electromechanical locks, turnstiles, gates and fences.

Among the successes of domestic developers and manufacturers of ACS, one can note the development of serial production of contactless identification and payment cards.

A whole series of microcircuits for them is produced by OJSC «Angstrem», Zelenograd.

Thus, the ACS market has the necessary set of domestic equipment for equipping any facility.

The customer is attracted not so much by the lower price compared to imported products, but also by the provision of a higher level of facility security, since domestic developments of software and hardware can guarantee the absence of «bookmarks».

In addition, the availability of the developer and manufacturer allows for prompt resolution of issues of technical maintenance, execution of orders for specific requirements of the facility, equipment modernization, etc.

Foreign manufacturers of ACS

However, despite the higher price, a significant share of the market is still occupied by products of foreign companies. These are ACS of the following companies: Apollo, COTAG, Northern Computers, KANTECH, IEI, Pegasus, eff-eff, ESMI, HID, Motorola, Texas Instruments, Cardax, РАС, etc.

It should be noted that, according to the British magazine «The International Security Buyers Guide», more than 400 companies worked in the field of access control in 1997.

Imported products attract consumers with their quality, design, and reliability.

Russian suppliers of imported systems are switching to new methods of working with foreign companies — this is closer cooperation, adaptation of products to Russian conditions and requirements, organization of high-quality service, translation of documentation and software products into Russian.

In some cases, it is planned to organize joint production of products in Russia.

Here we can note the successful work of such companies as «AAM Systems», which not only represents ACS products of the American company Apollo on the Russian market, but also developed a completely domestic software package APACS, as well as the companies «Soling», «Si-Nord», «Formula Bezopasnost», «Bezopasnost» and others.

Conclusion

In conclusion, it can be noted that the ACS market is actively developing, and domestic manufacturing companies have achieved certain successes in it.

At the same time, the development trend is the integration of ACS into complex security systems and then into «intelligent building» systems.

However, we should not forget that security is a special industry, and here, of course, there should be certain priorities taking into account the categories of various objects where the systems are used.